Map of Ayutthaya Chao Phraya River course during the seventeenth century The Thais never ever lacked a prosperous foods source. Peasants planted rice for their own personal use and to spend taxes. Whatever remained was used to help spiritual establishments. Through the 13th to your fifteenth centuries, even so, a metamorphosis befell in Thai rice cultivation. Inside the highlands, where by rainfall had to be supplemented by a method of irrigation[177] to control drinking water degrees in flooded paddies, the Thais sowed the glutinous rice that continues to be the staple in the geographical regions with the north and northeast.
, but more contemporary narratives argue that territorial conquest was a European detail instead of a Southeast Asian issue. Somewhat, the processes which observed Ayutthaya develop was one of political merger and consolidation involving the towns at the head with the peninsula and slowly but surely ascending up the Chao Phraya River Basin into the Northern Cities.[23][88]
King Borommatrailokkanat, from the early-sixteenth century, proven definite allotments of land and phrai with the royal officers at Just about every rung within the hierarchy, As a result pinpointing the region's social composition right up until the introduction of salaries for presidency officers from the nineteenth century.[147] Social course Description
Having said that, the recruitment from the armed forces depended on nai, or mun nai, basically this means 'lord', officials who commanded their own individual phrai som, or 'topics'. These officials had to submit to your king's command when war broke out.
The historiography of Southeast Asia originated from put up-colonial capitals. As Thailand experienced in no way been totally colonized, it hardly ever experienced a eu patron from which nationwide histories may very well be composed about on their own until the arrival on the People in america within the 1960s.[three][97]
บริษัท ซิโน-ไทย เอ็นจีเนียริ่ง แอนด์ คอนสตรัคชั่น จำกัด (มหาชน)
In accordance with the historian Chris Baker, the Ayutthaya peasantry practiced commuter agriculturalism and largely lived in dense regions alongside the canals primary nearly the town of Ayutthaya as well as other metropolitan areas inside the kingdom, developing do-it-yourself goods and textiles for your Worldwide market place.
Even so, Si Saowaphak succeeded into the throne in opposition to his late father's wishes, and led a brief and ineffective reign wherein he was kidnapped and held hostage by Japanese retailers, and later murdered.[95]: 203–206 Soon after this episode, the kingdom was handed to Songtham, a lesser son born of Ekathotsarot and a first-course concubine.
เรียงลำดับ กรอง และปรับมุมมองตารางได้เอง
[147] The lords progressively became courtiers (อำมาตย์) and tributary rulers of slight cities. The king finally came to become identified given that the earthly incarnation of Shiva or Vishnu and became the sacred object of politico-religious cult procedures officiated more than by royal court Brahmans, part of the Buddhist court retinue. From the Buddhist context, the devaraja (divine king) was a bodhisattva. The belief in divine kingship prevailed into your 18th century, Despite the fact that by that point its religious implications experienced confined influence.
The turmoil which resulted from expanding prosperity resulted within the Ayutthaya nobility turning toward the reformation of Buddhism as a completely new source อโยธยา88 of societal order. This was symbolized Together with the reign of King Borommakot (1733–1758), who was championed for a pious king for getting each of the traits of the virtuous and pious Bodhisattva: building and restoring new temples and radically reworking the Ayutthaya skyline during his reign.
Kings and nobles now contested with each other for control of the lowering pool of labour. Repeated Ayutthaya laws on enhancing the controls of labour highlighted the increasing failures of the elite to control the people today.
กรุณาเข้าสู่ระบบก่อนใช้งาน หรือสมัครสมาชิก ฟรี
The Dharmaśāstra remained a Instrument of Thai law right up until late within the 19th century. A bureaucracy dependant on a hierarchy of ranked and titled officials was introduced, and Modern society was arranged within a linked fashion. Nevertheless, the caste program was not adopted.[149]
* ข้อมูลเบอร์โทรศัพท์มือถือ และอีเมล ที่อาจเข้าข่ายเป็นข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล ทางเว็บไซต์ขอระงับการแสดงผลโดยอัตโนมัติ เว้นแต่ได้รับการยืนยันจากเจ้าของข้อมูล